Apalutamide Evidence: Trial Results and Peer-Reviewed Publications

Hipa.ai Research · Source: PubMed & ClinicalTrials.gov / AACT · Last updated:

The clinical evidence base for Apalutamide comprises 123 peer-reviewed publications across 15 journals, 4 pivotal-trial primary-outcome rows reported to ClinicalTrials.gov, spanning indications including Prostatic Neoplasms. Most recent publication: Real-world analysis of androgen receptor inhibitors in US patients with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: DEAR-EXT study., Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis, 2026.

Top peer-reviewed publications

Curated set of pivotal-trial result papers and recent publications in high-tier journals.

  1. Design and end points of clinical trials for patients with progressive prostate cancer and castrate levels of testosterone: recommendations of the Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Working Group.
    Scher HI, Halabi S, Tannock I, et al. · J Clin Oncol · 2008
    PubMed: PMID 18309951 · NCT02366494 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  2. Studies on prostatic cancer. I. The effect of castration, of estrogen and androgen injection on serum phosphatases in metastatic carcinoma of the prostate.
    Huggins C, Hodges CV · CA Cancer J Clin · 1972
    PubMed: PMID 4625049 · NCT02366494 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  3. Apalutamide in Patients With Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer: Final Survival Analysis of the Randomized, Double-Blind, Phase III TITAN Study.
    Chi KN, Chowdhury S, Bjartell A, et al. · J Clin Oncol · 2021
  4. Apalutamide plus abiraterone acetate and prednisone versus placebo plus abiraterone and prednisone in metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer (ACIS): a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, multinational, phase 3 study.
    Saad F, Efstathiou E, Attard G, et al. · Lancet Oncol · 2021
    PubMed: PMID 34600602 · NCT02257736 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  5. Prior Local Therapy and First-Line Apalutamide in Patients With Nonmetastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Secondary Analysis of the SPARTAN Randomized Clinical Trial.
    Roy S, Malone S, Wing K, et al. · JAMA Netw Open · 2024
  6. Androgen receptor pathway inhibitors and taxanes in metastatic prostate cancer: an outcome-adaptive randomized platform trial.
    De Laere B, Crippa A, Discacciati A, et al. · Nat Med · 2024
  7. Androgen Receptor Pathway Inhibitor Therapy for Advanced Prostate Cancer: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.
    Bastos DA, Soares A, Schutz FAB, et al. · JAMA Netw Open · 2025
    PubMed: PMID 39804646 · NCT02867020 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  8. Health-related quality of life after apalutamide treatment in patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (TITAN): a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study.
    Agarwal N, McQuarrie K, Bjartell A, et al. · Lancet Oncol · 2020
    PubMed: PMID 31578173 · NCT02489318 (TITAN) · Prostatic Neoplasms

Primary-outcome results across pivotal trials

Per-arm reported values from Phase 2/3 and Phase 3 trials with results posted to ClinicalTrials.gov.

TrialIndicationPrimary endpointArmValue
NCT01946204
SPARTAN
Prostatic NeoplasmsMetastasis-Free Survival (MFS) by Blinded Independent Central Review (BICR)
Up to approximately 43 Months
Apalutamide40.51 Months
Apalutamide40.51 Months
Placebo16.20 Months
Placebo15.70 Months
NCT02257736Prostatic NeoplasmsRadiographic Progression-free Survival (rPFS)
Up to 3 years and 4 months
Apalutamide + Abiraterone Acetate - Prednisolone23.98 months
Placebo+ Abiraterone Acetate - Prednisolone16.59 months
NCT02489318
TITAN
Prostatic NeoplasmsOverall Survival (OS)
Up to 57 months
Apalutamide + ADTNA months
Placebo + Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT)52.17 months
NCT02489318
TITAN
Prostatic NeoplasmsRadiographic Progression-free Survival (rPFS)
Up to 35 months
Apalutamide + ADTNA months
Placebo + Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT)22.08 months

Publications by year

19722026: 123 publications.

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Publications by indication

Prostatic Neoplasms (98)

  • Apalutamide plus androgen deprivation therapy in clinical subgroups of patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer: A subgroup analysis of the randomised clinical TITAN study.
    Eur J Cancer · 2026 · PMID 37708629 · NCT02489318
  • oDigital pathology biomarkers for guiding radiotherapy-based treatment concepts in prostate cancer - a systematic review and expert consensus.
    Radiother Oncol · 2025 · PMID 40645505 · NCT06274047
  • Evaluating Clinical Tools to Monitor Cardiovascular Risk in Men With Prostate Cancer Receiving Hormone Therapy.
    JCO Oncol Pract · 2025 · PMID 41202201 · NCT03279250
  • Lower Testosterone Level and Metastases-Free Survival in Patients With Nonmetastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Treated With Novel Antiandrogens: A Post Hoc Analysis of SPARTAN and ARAMIS.
    J Urol · 2025 · PMID 40132221 · NCT01946204
  • Prospective study of endogenous testosterone recovery following neoadjuvant hormonal blockade and radical prostatectomy in high-risk prostate cancer patients.
    J Sex Med · 2025 · PMID 40693904 · NCT02789878

Publications by journal

Trial-results highlights

Clinical studies have evaluated Apalutamide for prostatic neoplasms. In the SPARTAN study, NCT01946204, which assessed metastasis-free survival (MFS) by blinded independent central review up to approximately 43 months, the Apalutamide arm reported a median MFS of 40.51 months. The placebo arm in NCT01946204 reported a median MFS of 16.20 months.

Further investigations include NCT02257736, which examined radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS) up to 3 years and 4 months. In this study, the Apalutamide plus Abiraterone Acetate - Prednisolone arm had a median rPFS of 23.98 months, while the placebo plus Abiraterone Acetate - Prednisolone arm reported a median rPFS of 16.59 months.

The TITAN study, NCT02489318, evaluated overall survival (OS) up to 57 months. For the Apalutamide plus ADT arm, the median OS was not reached. The placebo plus Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT) arm in NCT02489318 reported a median OS of 52.17 months. Additionally, the TITAN study also investigated radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS) up to 35 months. In this endpoint, the median rPFS for the Apalutamide plus ADT arm was not reached. The placebo plus Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT) arm in NCT02489318 reported a median rPFS of 22.08 months.

All values presented are sourced from primary registry reporting; individual papers should be consulted for clinical decisions.

All Apalutamide publications (123)

2026 (2 papers)

  1. Real-world analysis of androgen receptor inhibitors in US patients with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: DEAR-EXT study.
    Shore ND, George DJ, Khan N, et al. · Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis · 2026 · Derived
  2. Apalutamide plus androgen deprivation therapy in clinical subgroups of patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer: A subgroup analysis of the randomised clinical TITAN study.
    Merseburger AS, Agarwal N, Bhaumik A, et al. · Eur J Cancer · 2026 · Derived
    PubMed: PMID 37708629 · NCT02489318 (TITAN) · Prostatic Neoplasms

2025 (9 papers)

  1. oDigital pathology biomarkers for guiding radiotherapy-based treatment concepts in prostate cancer - a systematic review and expert consensus.
    Zamboglou C, Doncker W, Christoforou AT, et al. · Radiother Oncol · 2025 · Derived
    PubMed: PMID 40645505 · NCT06274047 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  2. Evaluating Clinical Tools to Monitor Cardiovascular Risk in Men With Prostate Cancer Receiving Hormone Therapy.
    Venkatesh N, Chauhan PK, Mukhida SS, et al. · JCO Oncol Pract · 2025 · Derived
    PubMed: PMID 41202201 · NCT03279250 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  3. Lower Testosterone Level and Metastases-Free Survival in Patients With Nonmetastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Treated With Novel Antiandrogens: A Post Hoc Analysis of SPARTAN and ARAMIS.
    Ni X, Sui J, Wang B, et al. · J Urol · 2025 · Derived
  4. Prospective study of endogenous testosterone recovery following neoadjuvant hormonal blockade and radical prostatectomy in high-risk prostate cancer patients.
    Nascimento BCG, Pedrenho R, Zandoná PCE, et al. · J Sex Med · 2025 · Derived
    PubMed: PMID 40693904 · NCT02789878 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  5. A phase 2 randomized clinical trial of abiraterone plus ADT, apalutamide, or abiraterone and apalutamide in patients with advanced prostate cancer with non-castrate testosterone levels (LACOG 0415).
    Maluf FC, Schutz FA, Cronemberger EH, et al. · Eur J Cancer · 2025 · Derived
    PubMed: PMID 34655838 · NCT02867020 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  6. Digital Pathology-Based Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Scores and Outcomes in a Randomized Phase III Trial in Men With Nonmetastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.
    Feng FY, Smith MR, Saad F, et al. · JCO Precis Oncol · 2025 · Derived
  7. Safety and Tolerability of Relugolix in Combination with Abiraterone or Apalutamide for Treatment of Patients with Advanced Prostate Cancer: Data from a 52-Week Clinical Trial.
    De La Cerda J, Belkoff L, Courtney KD, et al. · Target Oncol · 2025 · Derived
  8. Prognostic Value of the Circulating Tumor DNA Fraction in Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer: Results from the ProBio Platform Trial.
    Crippa A, Laere B, Discacciati A, et al. · Eur Urol Oncol · 2025 · Derived
  9. Androgen Receptor Pathway Inhibitor Therapy for Advanced Prostate Cancer: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.
    Bastos DA, Soares A, Schutz FAB, et al. · JAMA Netw Open · 2025 · Derived
    PubMed: PMID 39804646 · NCT02867020 · Prostatic Neoplasms

2024 (14 papers)

  1. Protocol for CHAMPION study: a prospective study of maximal-cytoreductive therapies for patients with de novo metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer who achieve oligopersistent metastases during systemic treatment with apalutamide plus androgen deprivation therapy.
    Wang B, Pan J, Zhang T, et al. · BMC Cancer · 2024 · Derived
  2. Preclinical Characterization of ARX517, a Site-Specific Stable PSMA-Targeted Antibody-Drug Conjugate for the Treatment of Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.
    Skidmore LK, Mills D, Kim JY, et al. · Mol Cancer Ther · 2024 · Derived
  3. Apalutamide for High-Risk Localized Prostate Cancer Following Radical Prostatectomy (Apa-RP).
    Shore N, Hafron J, Saltzstein D, et al. · J Urol · 2024 · Derived
    PubMed: PMID 39088398 · NCT04523207 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  4. Apalutamide efficacy, safety and wellbeing in older patients with advanced prostate cancer from Phase 3 randomised clinical studies TITAN and SPARTAN.
    Shen J, Chowdhury S, Agarwal N, et al. · Br J Cancer · 2024 · Derived
    PubMed: PMID 37951974 · NCT02489318 (TITAN) · Prostatic Neoplasms
  5. Early Prostate-Specific Antigen Response by 6 Months Is Predictive of Treatment Effect in Metastatic Hormone Sensitive Prostate Cancer: An Exploratory Analysis of the TITAN Trial.
    Roy S, Sun Y, Chi KN, et al. · J Urol · 2024 · Derived
    PubMed: PMID 39058790 · NCT02489318 (TITAN) · Prostatic Neoplasms
  6. Prior Local Therapy and First-Line Apalutamide in Patients With Nonmetastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Secondary Analysis of the SPARTAN Randomized Clinical Trial.
    Roy S, Malone S, Wing K, et al. · JAMA Netw Open · 2024 · Derived
  7. Systemic and Tumor-directed Therapy for Oligorecurrent Metastatic Prostate Cancer (SATURN): Primary Endpoint Results from a Phase 2 Clinical Trial.
    Nikitas J, Rettig M, Shen J, et al. · Eur Urol · 2024 · Derived
    PubMed: PMID 38494380 · NCT03902951 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  8. Salvage Therapy for Prostate Cancer: AUA/ASTRO/SUO Guideline Part III: Salvage Therapy After Radiotherapy or Focal Therapy, Pelvic Nodal Recurrence and Oligometastasis, and Future Directions.
    Morgan TM, Boorjian SA, Buyyounouski MK, et al. · J Urol · 2024 · Derived
    PubMed: PMID 38421252 · NCT03009981 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  9. Salvage Therapy for Prostate Cancer: AUA/ASTRO/SUO Guideline Part II: Treatment Delivery for Non-metastatic Biochemical Recurrence After Primary Radical Prostatectomy.
    Morgan TM, Boorjian SA, Buyyounouski MK, et al. · J Urol · 2024 · Derived
    PubMed: PMID 38421243 · NCT04134260 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  10. Targeted Investigational Treatment Analysis of Novel Anti-androgen (TITAN) study: ultralow prostate-specific antigen decline with apalutamide plus androgen-deprivation therapy.
    Merseburger AS, Agarwal N, Bjartell A, et al. · BJU Int · 2024 · Derived
    PubMed: PMID 38940282 · NCT02489318 (TITAN) · Prostatic Neoplasms
  11. Postradical prostatectomy prostate-specific antigen outcomes after 6 versus 18 months of perioperative androgen-deprivation therapy in men with localized, unfavorable intermediate-risk or high-risk prostate cancer: Results of part 2 of a randomized phase 2 trial.
    McKay RR, Xie W, Yang X, et al. · Cancer · 2024 · Derived
    PubMed: PMID 38161319 · NCT02903368 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  12. Prostate-specific antigen and health-related quality of life in individuals with advanced prostate cancer treated with apalutamide: a plain language summary of the SPARTAN and TITAN studies.
    Karsh LI, Bevans KB, Saad F, et al. · Future Oncol · 2024 · Derived
  13. Androgen receptor pathway inhibitors and taxanes in metastatic prostate cancer: an outcome-adaptive randomized platform trial.
    De Laere B, Crippa A, Discacciati A, et al. · Nat Med · 2024 · Derived
  14. PRESTO: A Phase III, Open-Label Study of Intensification of Androgen Blockade in Patients With High-Risk Biochemically Relapsed Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer (AFT-19).
    Aggarwal R, Heller G, Hillman DW, et al. · J Clin Oncol · 2024 · Derived
    PubMed: PMID 38261983 · NCT03009981 · Prostatic Neoplasms

2023 (5 papers)

  1. Implications of metastatic stage at presentation in docetaxel naïve metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer.
    Roy S, Wallis CJD, Morgan SC, et al. · Prostate · 2023 · Derived
    PubMed: PMID 37071764 · NCT02257736 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  2. Clinical characteristics associated with falls in patients with non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with apalutamide.
    Pollock Y, Smith MR, Saad F, et al. · Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis · 2023 · Derived
  3. A Phase I Clinical Trial Evaluating the Safety and Dosing of Relugolix with Novel Hormonal Therapy for the Treatment of Advanced Prostate Cancer.
    De La Cerda J, Dunshee C, Gervasi L, et al. · Target Oncol · 2023 · Derived
  4. Coadministration of Apalutamide and Relugolix in Patients with Localized Prostate Cancer at High Risk for Metastases.
    Brown G, Belkoff L, Hafron JM, et al. · Target Oncol · 2023 · Derived
    PubMed: PMID 36472728 · NCT04523207 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  5. Prostate Cancer, Version 4.2023, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology.
    Schaeffer EM, Srinivas S, Adra N, et al. · J Natl Compr Canc Netw · 2023 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 37856213 · NCT06505278 · Prostatic Neoplasms

2022 (8 papers)

  1. Patient-reported outcomes of a phase II neoadjuvant apalutamide (ARN-509) and radical prostatectomy in treatment of intermediate- to high-risk prostate cancer (NEAR) trial.
    Yang X, Allen JC, Aslim EJ, et al. · Int J Urol · 2022 · Derived
    PubMed: PMID 36000794 · NCT03124433 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  2. Neoadjuvant Novel Hormonal Therapy Followed by Prostatectomy versus Up-Front Prostatectomy for High-Risk Prostate Cancer: A Comparative Analysis.
    Ravi P, Kwak L, Xie W, et al. · J Urol · 2022 · Derived
  3. Abbreviated endocrine therapy duration for low estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer: The counter to extended endocrine therapy.
    Poterala JE, Wisinski KB · Cancer · 2022 · Derived
    PubMed: PMID 35213039 · NCT02531516 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  4. NEAR trial: A single-arm phase II trial of neoadjuvant apalutamide monotherapy and radical prostatectomy in intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer.
    Lee LS, Sim AYL, Ong CW, et al. · Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis · 2022 · Derived
    PubMed: PMID 35091711 · NCT03124433 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  5. Clinical Trial Protocol for ProBio: An Outcome-adaptive and Randomised Multiarm Biomarker-driven Study in Patients with Metastatic Prostate Cancer.
    De Laere B, Crippa A, Discacciati A, et al. · Eur Urol Focus · 2022 · Derived
  6. Apalutamide Compared with Darolutamide for the Treatment of Non-metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Efficacy and Tolerability in a Matching-Adjusted Indirect Comparison.
    Chowdhury S, Oudard S, Uemura H, et al. · Adv Ther · 2022 · Derived
  7. Recommendations for radiation therapy in oligometastatic prostate cancer: An ESTRO-ACROP Delphi consensus.
    Zilli T, Achard V, Dal Pra A, et al. · Radiother Oncol · 2022 · Background
  8. Effect of immunotherapy time-of-day infusion on overall survival among patients with advanced melanoma in the USA (MEMOIR): a propensity score-matched analysis of a single-centre, longitudinal study.
    Qian DC, Kleber T, Brammer B, et al. · Lancet Oncol · 2022 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 34780711 · NCT06505278 · Prostatic Neoplasms

2021 (13 papers)

  1. Apalutamide in Patients With Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer: Final Survival Analysis of the Randomized, Double-Blind, Phase III TITAN Study.
    Chi KN, Chowdhury S, Bjartell A, et al. · J Clin Oncol · 2021 · Trial result
  2. Skin rash following Administration of Apalutamide in Japanese patients with Advanced Prostate Cancer: an integrated analysis of the phase 3 SPARTAN and TITAN studies and a phase 1 open-label study.
    Uemura H, Koroki Y, Iwaki Y, et al. · BMC Urol · 2021 · Derived
    PubMed: PMID 32878613 · NCT02489318 (TITAN) · Prostatic Neoplasms
  3. Relationship Between Metastasis-free Survival and Overall Survival in Patients With Nonmetastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer.
    Smith MR, Mehra M, Nair S, et al. · Clin Genitourin Cancer · 2021 · Derived
  4. Apalutamide plus abiraterone acetate and prednisone versus placebo plus abiraterone and prednisone in metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer (ACIS): a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, multinational, phase 3 study.
    Saad F, Efstathiou E, Attard G, et al. · Lancet Oncol · 2021 · Derived
    PubMed: PMID 34600602 · NCT02257736 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  5. Niraparib with androgen receptor-axis-targeted therapy in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: safety and pharmacokinetic results from a phase 1b study (BEDIVERE).
    Saad F, Chi KN, Shore ND, et al. · Cancer Chemother Pharmacol · 2021 · Derived
    PubMed: PMID 33754187 · NCT02924766 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  6. Results of a Randomized Phase II Trial of Intense Androgen Deprivation Therapy prior to Radical Prostatectomy in Men with High-Risk Localized Prostate Cancer.
    McKay RR, Xie W, Ye H, et al. · J Urol · 2021 · Derived
    PubMed: PMID 33683939 · NCT02903368 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  7. Phase II open-label study investigating apalutamide in patients with biochemical progression after radical prostatectomy.
    Dirix P, Strijbos M, den Mooter TV, et al. · Future Oncol · 2021 · Derived
    PubMed: PMID 32356465 · NCT03899077 (SAVE) · Prostatic Neoplasms
  8. The ProBio trial: molecular biomarkers for advancing personalized treatment decision in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
    Crippa A, De Laere B, Discacciati A, et al. · Trials · 2021 · Derived
  9. Apalutamide plus Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer: Analysis of Pain and Fatigue in the Phase 3 TITAN Study.
    Agarwal N, McQuarrie K, Bjartell A, et al. · J Urol · 2021 · Derived
    PubMed: PMID 34039013 · NCT02489318 (TITAN) · Prostatic Neoplasms
  10. Circadian rhythms of 11-oxygenated C19 steroids and ∆5-steroid sulfates in healthy men.
    Turcu AF, Zhao L, Chen X, et al. · Eur J Endocrinol · 2021 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 34324429 · NCT06505278 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  11. Ipatasertib plus abiraterone and prednisolone in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (IPATential150): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial.
    Sweeney C, Bracarda S, Sternberg CN, et al. · Lancet · 2021 · Background
  12. Outcomes of Observation vs Stereotactic Ablative Radiation for Oligometastatic Prostate Cancer: The ORIOLE Phase 2 Randomized Clinical Trial.
    Phillips R, Shi WY, Deek M, et al. · JAMA Oncol · 2021 · Background
  13. Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy for the Comprehensive Treatment of Oligometastatic Cancers: Long-Term Results of the SABR-COMET Phase II Randomized Trial.
    Palma DA, Olson R, Harrow S, et al. · J Clin Oncol · 2021 · Background

2020 (3 papers)

  1. Health-related quality of life after apalutamide treatment in patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (TITAN): a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study.
    Agarwal N, McQuarrie K, Bjartell A, et al. · Lancet Oncol · 2020 · Derived
    PubMed: PMID 31578173 · NCT02489318 (TITAN) · Prostatic Neoplasms
  2. Molecular mechanisms and physiological importance of circadian rhythms.
    Patke A, Young MW, Axelrod S, et al. · Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol · 2020 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 31768006 · NCT06505278 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  3. Enzalutamide in Combination with Abiraterone Acetate in Bone Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Patients.
    Efstathiou E, Titus M, Wen S, et al. · Eur Urol Oncol · 2020 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 31412017 · NCT02867020 · Prostatic Neoplasms

2019 (9 papers)

  1. The LACOG-0415 phase II trial: abiraterone acetate and ADT versus apalutamide versus abiraterone acetate and apalutamide in patients with advanced prostate cancer with non-castration testosterone levels.
    Werutsky G, Maluf FC, Cronemberger EH, et al. · BMC Cancer · 2019 · Derived
    PubMed: PMID 31122212 · NCT02867020 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  2. Effect of apalutamide on health-related quality of life in patients with non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: an analysis of the SPARTAN randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial.
    Saad F, Cella D, Basch E, et al. · Lancet Oncol · 2019 · Derived
  3. Systemic and tumor-directed therapy for oligometastatic prostate cancer: study protocol for a phase II trial for veterans with de novo oligometastatic disease.
    Parikh NR, Huiza C, Patel JS, et al. · BMC Cancer · 2019 · Derived
  4. Apalutamide for Metastatic, Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer.
    Chi KN, Agarwal N, Bjartell A, et al. · N Engl J Med · 2019 · Derived
    PubMed: PMID 31150574 · NCT02489318 (TITAN) · Prostatic Neoplasms
  5. Surveillance or Metastasis-Directed Therapy for Oligometastatic Prostate Cancer Recurrence: A Prospective, Randomized, Multicenter Phase II Trial.
    Ost P, Reynders D, Decaestecker K, et al. · J Clin Oncol · 2019 · Background
  6. Update on Systemic Prostate Cancer Therapies: Management of Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer in the Era of Precision Oncology.
    Nuhn P, De Bono JS, Fizazi K, et al. · Eur Urol · 2019 · Background
  7. Generation of circadian rhythms in the suprachiasmatic nucleus.
    Hastings MH, Maywood ES, Brancaccio M, et al. · Nat Rev Neurosci · 2019 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 29934559 · NCT06505278 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  8. The Structure of the FACT-Cog v3 in Cancer Patients, Students, and Older Adults.
    Costa DSJ, Loh V, Birney DP, et al. · J Pain Symptom Manage · 2019 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 29291932 · NCT04409288 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  9. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries.
    Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, et al. · CA Cancer J Clin · 2019 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 30207593 · NCT06505278 · Prostatic Neoplasms

2018 (3 papers)

  1. Apalutamide Treatment and Metastasis-free Survival in Prostate Cancer.
    Smith MR, Saad F, Chowdhury S, et al. · N Engl J Med · 2018 · Derived
  2. Molecular Aspects of Circadian Pharmacology and Relevance for Cancer Chronotherapy.
    Ozturk N, Ozturk D, Kavakli IH, et al. · Int J Mol Sci · 2018 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 29039812 · NCT06505278 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  3. Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic drug evaluation of enzalutamide for treating prostate cancer.
    Hong JH · Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol · 2018 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 29431540 · NCT06505278 · Prostatic Neoplasms

2017 (2 papers)

  1. Non-metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer: a call for improved guidance on clinical management.
    Rozet F, Roumeguère T, Spahn M, et al. · World J Urol · 2017 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 26988552 · NCT02867020 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  2. The 2016 WHO Classification of Tumours of the Urinary System and Male Genital Organs-Part B: Prostate and Bladder Tumours.
    Humphrey PA, Moch H, Cubilla AL, et al. · Eur Urol · 2017 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 26996659 · NCT03009981 · Prostatic Neoplasms

2016 (9 papers)

  1. A multicenter, randomized clinical trial comparing the three-weekly docetaxel regimen plus prednisone versus mitoxantone plus prednisone for Chinese patients with metastatic castration refractory prostate cancer.
    Zhou T, Zeng SX, Ye DW, et al. · PLoS One · 2016 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 25625938 · NCT06505278 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  2. Psychometric properties of Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Prostate (FACT-P) in Chinese patients with prostate cancer.
    Wong CK, Choi EP, Tsu JH, et al. · Qual Life Res · 2016 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 25877953 · NCT04409288 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  3. Trial Design and Objectives for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Updated Recommendations From the Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Working Group 3.
    Scher HI, Morris MJ, Stadler WM, et al. · J Clin Oncol · 2016 · Background
  4. Neurobiology of Circadian Rhythm Regulation.
    Rosenwasser AM, Turek FW · Sleep Med Clin · 2016 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 26568118 · NCT06505278 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  5. Addition of docetaxel, zoledronic acid, or both to first-line long-term hormone therapy in prostate cancer (STAMPEDE): survival results from an adaptive, multiarm, multistage, platform randomised controlled trial.
    James ND, Sydes MR, Clarke NW, et al. · Lancet · 2016 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 26719232 · NCT04409288 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  6. Adverse Health Events Following Intermittent and Continuous Androgen Deprivation in Patients With Metastatic Prostate Cancer.
    Hershman DL, Unger JM, Wright JD, et al. · JAMA Oncol · 2016 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 26720308 · NCT02867020 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  7. Metastatic Prostate Cancer and the Bone: Significance and Therapeutic Options.
    Gartrell BA, Coleman R, Efstathiou E, et al. · Eur Urol · 2016 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 26153564 · NCT02867020 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  8. Treating Patients with Metastatic Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Comprehensive Review of Available Therapies.
    Crawford ED, Higano CS, Shore ND, et al. · J Urol · 2016 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 26196735 · NCT02867020 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  9. Cancer statistics in China, 2015.
    Chen W, Zheng R, Baade PD, et al. · CA Cancer J Clin · 2016 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 26808342 · NCT06505278 · Prostatic Neoplasms

2015 (4 papers)

  1. Chemohormonal Therapy in Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer.
    Sweeney CJ, Chen YH, Carducci M, et al. · N Engl J Med · 2015 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 26244877 · NCT04409288 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  2. Cancer statistics, 2015.
    Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A, et al. · CA Cancer J Clin · 2015 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 25559415 · NCT03009981 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  3. Abiraterone acetate plus prednisone versus placebo plus prednisone in chemotherapy-naive men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (COU-AA-302): final overall survival analysis of a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study.
    Ryan CJ, Smith MR, Fizazi K, et al. · Lancet Oncol · 2015 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 25601341 · NCT06505278 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  4. Constitutively active AR-V7 plays an essential role in the development and progression of castration-resistant prostate cancer.
    Qu Y, Dai B, Ye D, et al. · Sci Rep · 2015 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 25563505 · NCT03009981 · Prostatic Neoplasms

2014 (5 papers)

  1. Enzalutamide monotherapy in hormone-naive prostate cancer: primary analysis of an open-label, single-arm, phase 2 study.
    Tombal B, Borre M, Rathenborg P, et al. · Lancet Oncol · 2014 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 24739897 · NCT02867020 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  2. Measurement properties of the EQ-5D-5L compared to the EQ-5D-3L across eight patient groups: a multi-country study.
    Janssen MF, Pickard AS, Golicki D, et al. · Qual Life Res · 2014 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 23184421 · NCT04409288 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  3. A hormone-DNA repair circuit governs the response to genotoxic insult.
    Goodwin JF, Schiewer MJ, Dean JL, et al. · Cancer Discov · 2014 · Background
  4. Randomized, controlled, double-blind, cross-over trial assessing treatment preference for pazopanib versus sunitinib in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: PISCES Study.
    Escudier B, Porta C, Bono P, et al. · J Clin Oncol · 2014 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 24687826 · NCT04409288 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  5. Enzalutamide in metastatic prostate cancer before chemotherapy.
    Beer TM, Armstrong AJ, Rathkopf DE, et al. · N Engl J Med · 2014 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 24881730 · NCT06505278 · Prostatic Neoplasms

2013 (3 papers)

  1. Abiraterone in metastatic prostate cancer without previous chemotherapy.
    Ryan CJ, Smith MR, de Bono JS, et al. · N Engl J Med · 2013 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 23228172 · NCT02867020 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  2. Phase I study of ARN-509, a novel antiandrogen, in the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer.
    Rathkopf DE, Morris MJ, Fox JJ, et al. · J Clin Oncol · 2013 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 24002508 · NCT02867020 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  3. Alpha emitter radium-223 and survival in metastatic prostate cancer.
    Parker C, Nilsson S, Heinrich D, et al. · N Engl J Med · 2013 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 23863050 · NCT04409288 · Prostatic Neoplasms

2012 (5 papers)

  1. Combined androgen deprivation therapy and radiation therapy for locally advanced prostate cancer: a randomised, phase 3 trial.
    Warde P, Mason M, Ding K, et al. · Lancet · 2012 · Background
  2. Increased survival with enzalutamide in prostate cancer after chemotherapy.
    Scher HI, Fizazi K, Saad F, et al. · N Engl J Med · 2012 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 22894553 · NCT04409288 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  3. Development and preliminary testing of the new five-level version of EQ-5D (EQ-5D-5L).
    Herdman M, Gudex C, Lloyd A, et al. · Qual Life Res · 2012 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 21479777 · NCT04409288 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  4. Abiraterone acetate for treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: final overall survival analysis of the COU-AA-301 randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study.
    Fizazi K, Scher HI, Molina A, et al. · Lancet Oncol · 2012 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 22995653 · NCT02867020 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  5. ARN-509: a novel antiandrogen for prostate cancer treatment.
    Clegg NJ, Wongvipat J, Joseph JD, et al. · Cancer Res · 2012 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 22266222 · NCT04409288 · Prostatic Neoplasms

2011 (3 papers)

  1. Phase II study of abiraterone acetate in chemotherapy-naive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer displaying bone flare discordant with serologic response.
    Ryan CJ, Shah S, Efstathiou E, et al. · Clin Cancer Res · 2011 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 21632851 · NCT02867020 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  2. Short-term neoadjuvant androgen deprivation and radiotherapy for locally advanced prostate cancer: 10-year data from the TROG 96.01 randomised trial.
    Denham JW, Steigler A, Lamb DS, et al. · Lancet Oncol · 2011 · Background
  3. Abiraterone and increased survival in metastatic prostate cancer.
    de Bono JS, Logothetis CJ, Molina A, et al. · N Engl J Med · 2011 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 21612468 · NCT02867020 · Prostatic Neoplasms

2010 (6 papers)

  1. Phase I clinical trial of the CYP17 inhibitor abiraterone acetate demonstrating clinical activity in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer who received prior ketoconazole therapy.
    Ryan CJ, Smith MR, Fong L, et al. · J Clin Oncol · 2010 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 20159824 · NCT02867020 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  2. Significant and sustained antitumor activity in post-docetaxel, castration-resistant prostate cancer with the CYP17 inhibitor abiraterone acetate.
    Reid AH, Attard G, Danila DC, et al. · J Clin Oncol · 2010 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 20159823 · NCT02867020 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  3. Sipuleucel-T immunotherapy for castration-resistant prostate cancer.
    Kantoff PW, Higano CS, Shore ND, et al. · N Engl J Med · 2010 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 20818862 · NCT04409288 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  4. The use of PROMIS and assessment center to deliver patient-reported outcome measures in clinical research.
    Gershon RC, Rothrock N, Hanrahan R, et al. · J Appl Meas · 2010 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 20847477 · NCT03009981 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  5. Phase II multicenter study of abiraterone acetate plus prednisone therapy in patients with docetaxel-treated castration-resistant prostate cancer.
    Danila DC, Morris MJ, de Bono JS, et al. · J Clin Oncol · 2010 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 20159814 · NCT02867020 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  6. External irradiation with or without long-term androgen suppression for prostate cancer with high metastatic risk: 10-year results of an EORTC randomised study.
    Bolla M, Van Tienhoven G, Warde P, et al. · Lancet Oncol · 2010 · Background

2009 (2 papers)

  1. Endocrine treatment, with or without radiotherapy, in locally advanced prostate cancer (SPCG-7/SFUO-3): an open randomised phase III trial.
    Widmark A, Klepp O, Solberg A, et al. · Lancet · 2009 · Background
  2. Selective inhibition of CYP17 with abiraterone acetate is highly active in the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer.
    Attard G, Reid AH, A'Hern R, et al. · J Clin Oncol · 2009 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 19470933 · NCT02867020 · Prostatic Neoplasms

2008 (3 papers)

  1. Design and end points of clinical trials for patients with progressive prostate cancer and castrate levels of testosterone: recommendations of the Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Working Group.
    Scher HI, Halabi S, Tannock I, et al. · J Clin Oncol · 2008 · Trial result
    PubMed: PMID 18309951 · NCT02366494 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  2. Ten-year follow-up of radiation therapy oncology group protocol 92-02: a phase III trial of the duration of elective androgen deprivation in locally advanced prostate cancer.
    Horwitz EM, Bae K, Hanks GE, et al. · J Clin Oncol · 2008 · Background
  3. Phase I clinical trial of a selective inhibitor of CYP17, abiraterone acetate, confirms that castration-resistant prostate cancer commonly remains hormone driven.
    Attard G, Reid AH, Yap TA, et al. · J Clin Oncol · 2008 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 18645193 · NCT02867020 · Prostatic Neoplasms

2006 (1 paper)

  1. Docetaxel, estramustine, and 15-month androgen deprivation for men with prostate-specific antigen progression after definitive local therapy for prostate cancer.
    Taplin ME, Xie W, Bubley GJ, et al. · J Clin Oncol · 2006 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 17135641 · NCT02366494 · Prostatic Neoplasms

2005 (2 papers)

  1. Outcome predictors for the increasing PSA state after definitive external-beam radiotherapy for prostate cancer.
    Zelefsky MJ, Ben-Porat L, Scher HI, et al. · J Clin Oncol · 2005 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 15681527 · NCT03009981 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  2. Androgen suppression adjuvant to definitive radiotherapy in prostate carcinoma--long-term results of phase III RTOG 85-31.
    Pilepich MV, Winter K, Lawton CA, et al. · Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · 2005 · Background

2004 (2 papers)

  1. 10-year outcome for men with localized prostate cancer treated with external radiation therapy: results of a cohort study.
    Zietman AL, Chung CS, Coen JJ, et al. · J Urol · 2004 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 14665878 · NCT03009981 · Prostatic Neoplasms
  2. Hormonal impact of the 17alpha-hydroxylase/C(17,20)-lyase inhibitor abiraterone acetate (CB7630) in patients with prostate cancer.
    O'Donnell A, Judson I, Dowsett M, et al. · Br J Cancer · 2004 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 15150570 · NCT02867020 · Prostatic Neoplasms

2002 (1 paper)

  1. Long-term results with immediate androgen suppression and external irradiation in patients with locally advanced prostate cancer (an EORTC study): a phase III randomised trial.
    Bolla M, Collette L, Blank L, et al. · Lancet · 2002 · Background

2000 (1 paper)

  1. Repeated measures in clinical trials: simple strategies for analysis using summary measures.
    Senn S, Stevens L, Chaturvedi N, et al. · Stat Med · 2000 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 10734289 · NCT04409288 · Prostatic Neoplasms

1999 (1 paper)

  1. The rapid assessment of fatigue severity in cancer patients: use of the Brief Fatigue Inventory.
    Mendoza TR, Wang XS, Cleeland CS, et al. · Cancer · 1999 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 10091805 · NCT04409288 · Prostatic Neoplasms

1998 (1 paper)

  1. Measuring quality of life in men with prostate cancer using the functional assessment of cancer therapy-prostate instrument.
    Esper P, Mo F, Chodak G, et al. · Urology · 1998 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 9426724 · NCT04409288 · Prostatic Neoplasms

1997 (1 paper)

  1. Immediate versus deferred treatment for advanced prostatic cancer: initial results of the Medical Research Council trial. The Medical Research Council Prostate Cancer Working Party Investigators Group.
    Walsh PC · J Urol · 1997 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 9302187 · NCT04409288 · Prostatic Neoplasms

1995 (1 paper)

  1. Oligometastases.
    Hellman S, Weichselbaum RR · J Clin Oncol · 1995 · Background

1994 (1 paper)

  1. Pharmacology of novel steroidal inhibitors of cytochrome P450(17) alpha (17 alpha-hydroxylase/C17-20 lyase).
    Barrie SE, Potter GA, Goddard PM, et al. · J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol · 1994 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 7918112 · NCT02867020 · Prostatic Neoplasms

1993 (1 paper)

  1. Circadian time-dependent response of childhood lymphoblastic leukemia to chemotherapy: a long-term follow-up study of survival.
    Rivard GE, Infante-Rivard C, Dresse MF, et al. · Chronobiol Int · 1993 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 8319318 · NCT06505278 · Prostatic Neoplasms

1986 (1 paper)

  1. Maintenance chemotherapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: better in the evening.
    Rivard GE, Infante-Rivard C, Hoyoux C, et al. · Lancet · 1986 · Background
    PubMed: PMID 2866334 · NCT06505278 · Prostatic Neoplasms

1972 (1 paper)

  1. Studies on prostatic cancer. I. The effect of castration, of estrogen and androgen injection on serum phosphatases in metastatic carcinoma of the prostate.
    Huggins C, Hodges CV · CA Cancer J Clin · 1972 · Trial result
    PubMed: PMID 4625049 · NCT02366494 · Prostatic Neoplasms

Sources and methodology

This page summarizes published evidence for general reference and does not constitute medical advice. For clinical decisions, consult the linked primary publications and your healthcare provider. Data sourced from PubMed and the ClinicalTrials.gov / AACT database maintained by the Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative (CTTI).