CYP2C19 Variants and Limonene Metabolism

Conditions

Limonene — DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
The investigators will ask the participants to swish 5 times and swallow 1 oz water mixed with 500mg limonene (Jarrow Formula orange peel extract). The participant will be monitored for a total of 2 hours. Breath samples will be acquired at a total of 11 time points throughout the study. Measurements include 2 baseline measurements followed by the orange peel extract consumption.

The investigators will examine whether a non-invasive screening tool for CYP2C19 genetic variants can be developed by measuring limonene metabolism.

Experimental: CYP2C19*2 and CYP2C19*3 Variants
The group of participants has been genotyped to have the CYP2C19\*2 and/or CYP2C19\*3 variant during the first part of the study. The participants will consume 1 oz water mixed with 500mg limonene (Jarrow Formula orange peel extract) and be asked to swish 5 times and swallow. All participants will then provide breath samples over the course of 2 hours. The breath sample outcomes will be compared to those of the wild-type CYP2C19 study subjects.
Experimental: Wildtype CYP2C19
The group of participants has been genotyped to have wild-type CYP2C19. The participants will consume 1 oz water mixed with 500mg limonene (Jarrow Formula orange peel extract) and be asked to swish 5 times and swallow. All participants will then provide breath samples over the course of 2 hours. The breath sample outcomes will be compared to those of the CYP2C19\*2 and/or CYP2C19\*3 study subjects.

Breath limonene value in parts per billion [ Time Frame: 2 hours ]

Facility	City	State	ZIP	Site coordinators
Stanford School of Medicine	Stanford	California	94305	Eric Gross, MD/PhD

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