Trial results for a study investigating the effect of a whole fruit diet on glycemic control in adults with Type 2 Diabetes were posted on ClinicalTrials.gov on 2025-05-23. The study enrolled 34 participants and reported a significant diabetes remission rate (p=0.0001) in the fruit-rich diet group.
Background
Diabetes costs the U.S. healthcare system more than any other disease, and nearly half of Americans will develop either diabetes or prediabetes in their lifetime. It is therefore critical to find new strategies to treat or reverse diabetes. One such approach is adopting a healthy diet, which can dramatically improve blood sugar levels in adults with type 2 diabetes and even induce diabetes remission. Despite this, not much is known about which food groups are most effective at improving blood sugar levels in patients with diabetes.
Trial design
This completed study, designated as Phase NA, enrolled 34 participants with Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2. The trial investigated the effect of a whole fruit diet on glycemic control. The study aimed to understand which food groups are most effective at improving blood sugar levels in patients with diabetes.
Key results
The trial reported several key measurements and analyses:
- Diabetes Remission Rate in the Fruit-Rich Diet group: 3 participants and 6 participants achieved remission. A Binomial Test reported a p-value of 0.0001 for this outcome.
- Medication Effect Score (MES) in the Fruit-Rich Diet group: A least squares mean of -0.5% (Standard Error 0.5) was observed.
- Mean Glucose During a 3-hour Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) in the High-Fruit Diet group: Mean values of 11 mg/dl (Standard Error 9) and -20 mg/dl (Standard Error 12) were reported.
- Mean 24-hour Glucose Levels as Measured by Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM), Adjusted for Any Changes in Medication Doses Via the MES in the Fruit-Rich Diet group: Least squares mean values of -12 mg/dl (Standard Error 7) and -18 mg/dl (Standard Error 6) were observed.
- Insulin Sensitivity in the High-Fruit Diet group: Mean values of 1.27 dl/kg/min/μU/ml (Standard Error 0.99) and 3.03 dl/kg/min/μU/ml (Standard Error 1.61) were reported.
- Dynamic Beta-Cell Responsivity in the High-Fruit Diet group: Mean values of 135 arbitrary units * 10^9 (Standard Error 60) and 122 arbitrary units * 10^9 (Standard Error 133) were observed.
- Static Beta-Cell Responsivity in the High-Fruit Diet group: A mean value of -3.0 10^9/min (Standard Error 4.0) was reported.
What this means
The posted results indicate that a fruit-rich diet may positively impact glycemic control in adults with Type 2 Diabetes. The observed reductions in mean glucose levels, alongside improvements in insulin sensitivity and dynamic beta-cell responsivity, suggest a beneficial effect. The statistically significant diabetes remission rate (p=0.0001) further supports the potential of dietary interventions, specifically a fruit-rich diet, as a strategy for managing or reversing Type 2 Diabetes. These findings contribute to understanding the role of specific food groups in diabetes management.
Source
The information regarding these trial results was obtained from ClinicalTrials.gov, a public database of clinical studies. The results for the study NCT03758742, titled "Effect of Whole Fruit on Glycemic Control in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes", were posted on 2025-05-23 on clinicaltrials.gov.