Apply to trial NCT06405074

Low Intensity Focused Ultrasound for Tobacco Use Disorder: High Resolution Targeting of the Human Insula

The goal of this clinical trial is to to inhibit the dorsal anterior insula (dAI) with low intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) to determine the causal role for the dAI in smoking cue induced craving in individuals with tobacco use disorder (TUD); smoking cue induced craving is a clinically important behavior which has been associated with the severity of nicotine addiction. The main question\[s\] it aims to answer are: * the safety and tolerability of dAI LIFU compared to sham stimulation in individuals with TUD * the effects of LIFU vs sham to left dAI functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) BOLD activity and craving in response to smoking cue exposure. Participants will undergo anatomical MRI, neurological assessment, clinical assessment and patient query to assess the safety and tolerability of LIFU vs sham. Participants will undergo functional magnetic resonance imaging where we will measure the effect of LIFU vs sham on 1) dAI blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) activation in response to smoking (compared to neutral) cue exposure and 2) cue-induced craving in individuals with TUD. Each participant will receive LIFU and sham stimulation.